Gaurav Nagar1, Anju Bishnoi2
Abstract: Stroke also known as shock is the clinical syndrome that results from inadequate tissue perfusion. The fundamental approach to management, therefore, is to recognize overt and impending shock in a timely fashion and to intervene emergently to restore perfusion. Homeopathy treats the person as a whole. Homeopathic treatment focuses on the patient as a person, as well as his pathological condition.
Keywords: Shock, homoeopathy, oxygen, circulation.
Introduction
Shock is inadequate circulation of blood and oxygen to organs or tissues. The cause of shock defines the type of shock for example bacterial infection leads to septic shock, allergic reactions causes anaphylactic shock etc. It is a peculiar, dangerous state in which the blood pressure is so low, the circulation so inadequate and all the protective reflexes of the body so depressed that the patient very survival is in doubt.1,2
Classification of shock–1
- Hypovolemic– from the loss of red blood cell mass and plasma from haemorrhage.
- Septic– from overwhelming infection, usually by bacteria
- Anaphylactic shock -from intense allergic reaction.
- Traumatic– from severe accidental injury.
- Cardiogenic shock: due to inadequate pumping function of the heart. This can occur secondary to a heart attack, heart valve disorder (aortic stenosis), cardiac arrhythmia, or from cardiac de-compensation.
- Neurogenic shock– interruption of sympathetic vasomotor input.
- Hypoadrenal shock – adrenal insufficiency complicates the host response to the stress induced by acute illness or major surgery.
Symptoms-3
- Rapid and shallow respiration.
- Cold, clammy, pale or blue skin and extremities.
- Tachycardia (> 100/min).
- Hypotension (systolic BP < 100 mmHg).
- Drowsiness, confusion, irritability (usually occurs late).
- Oliguria.
- Sweating, anxiety, restlessness with nausea or vomiting.
- Multi-organ failure
- In septic shock, fever and chills are usually present.
- Anaphylactic shock include agitation, flushing, numbness, itching, hives, swelling, coughing, and sneezing.
- Electric shock may cause severe muscle contractions and burns.
Complications
Shock is a medical emergency and can lead to multi-organ failure and death.
TREATMENT-
Patients in shock require care in an intensive care unit (ICU). Careful and continuous assessment of the physiologic status is necessary. Control of any inciting pathologic process (e.g., continued haemorrhage, impairment of cardiac function, or infection) must occur simultaneously. Keep the person warm, raise his or her legs slightly, stop any blood loss with direct pressure if possible, check the person’s airway and breathing, and give CPR (cardio-pulmonary resuscitation) if necessary. Do not give anything by mouth that must be swallowed.1,3
Repertorial approach to shock
Repertories have large collection of symptom of Materia Medica regarding shock.
Synthesis Repertory–4
- Generals,shock,anesthesis;during
- Generals,Shock,anaphylactic
- Generals,shock,injuries;from
- Generals,Shock,slow pulse,with
Some pearls from the Ocean of Materia Medica2,5,6,7
Homeopathic medicines can reverse shock in minutes if blood loss can be stopped and the heart still beats. The aim of treatment is to provide symptomatic improvement, minimize complications and promote early recovery. Homeopathic medicines may be dissolved in a small amount of water; a few drops on the tongue are sufficient for a dose.
Hypovolemic shock–
Veratrum album -shock after excessive vomiting, diarrhoea, or blood loss ,cold sweat on forehead and body, pallor. The breathing is shallow, almost imperceptible, yet there is a physical restlessness.
China officinalis– shock from loss of bodily fluids, as in dehydration and blood loss. Pale countenance and threatening collapse, fainting with ringing in ears, deafness and eructations. Heat in cardiac region, he feels the blood coming warm from the heart; nervous agitation; anxious, can hardly breathe.
Camphora.- Icy cold but will not be covered, want cold drinks, sudden prostration, coldness and feeble pulse, the surface is cold and clammy. Tendency to a cyanosed condition or blueness of the skin and lips. Respiration is slow and sighing.
Carbo vegetabilis- In acute shock when the person feels short of breath and wants to be fanned and cooled off. Pulse is scarcely perceptible and the breathing is rattling. It is all the more indicated when the shock results from the loss of blood or in debilitated patients where depletion causes the causes the shock rather than a nervous condition
Neurological shock–
Magnesia carbonicum– Constipation after mental shock or severe nervous strain.
Causticum -Disturbed functional activity of brain and spinal cord, from exhausting disease or severe mental shock resulting in paralysis.
Nux vomica– Arms and hands go to sleep. Paresis of arms, with shocks.
Septic shock-
Baptisia– Threatened miscarriage from mental depression, shock, watching, low fevers.
Electrical Shock–
Morphinum– Shock induced by terror. Dream-like state.
Surgical Shock:
Acetic acid– After surgical shock; after anaesthetics. Great relaxation, with vertigo and fainting; eyes sunken and surrounded by dark rings
Adrenalinum-Abdominal pain. Shock or heart failure during anesthesia, as it causes very prompt rise of blood pressure by its action on nerve endings in the vessel wall.
Strontium carbonicum– For shock after surgical operations. Neuritis, great sensitiveness to cold.
Hypericum- Nervous depression following wounds or surgical operations; removes bad effect of shock, of fright, of mesmerism.
Emotional Shock:
Phosphoric acid- Effects of grief and mental shock.
Ignatia amara– After shock, grief, disappointment.
Coffea cruda-Especially from sudden joy.
Aconite napellus-From fear or fright panic, or emotional causes, with collapse or fever.
Traumatic Shock:
Arnica montana– Concussions and contusions, results of shock or injury; without laceration of soft parts; prevents suppuration and septic conditions and promotes absorption.
Camphora– Bad effects of shock from injury; surface of body cold, face pale, blue, lips livid; profound prostration.
Anaphylactic (allergic) Shock:
Carbolic acid- especially from a bee sting.
Cardiogenic Shock:
Lithium carbonicum– Rheumatic soreness in cardiac region. Sudden shock in heart.
Tabacum –Cold sweat; constant deathly nausea; vomiting (<) from motion, (>) after vomiting; body cold, especially legs; pulse irregular, small, slow, feeble; great relaxation; giddiness. Tachycardia, Bradycardia. Acute dilatation caused by shock or violent physical exertion.
Opium– Complete insensibility, patient relapses into a stupor, blue, livid face, loud breathing, slowing cerebral pressure; the pulse, the respiration and the coldness.
Natrum muriaticum- Great thirst; threatened collapse, with intermittent pulse, (<) at eleven in forenoon and when lying on left side, with heart throbbing. Chronic affections after injuries and shocks, (>) by sweat; dreams of horrible things.
References-
- Maier RV.Emergency and critical care.In:Jameson,Fauci,Kasper,Hauser,Longo,Loscalzo .Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine,19th ed.New York:sMcgraw Hill eduction,vol 2,2018.
- Https://h[athy.com/cause-symptoms-treatment/surgical-shock-postoperative-shock/
- Grant IS, Nimmo GR.Critical illness.In:Walker B R,Colledge N R,Ralston S H,Penman I D,editors.Davidson’s Pinciples and Practice of Medicine,21st ed.UK:Elsevier Health,2014.
- Schreyons F. Reportorium Homoeopathicum Syntheticum.10th ed. New Delhi: B jain (P) Ltd; 2004.
- Clarke JH.The prescriber.3rded.NewDelhi:B Jain (P)Ltd;2007.
- Boericke W. Pocket Manual of Homoeopathic Materia Medica & Repertory.9thed. New Delhi:B Jain Publishers (P)Ltd;2010.
- Allen HC.Keynotes and characteristics with comparison. 8th ed.New Delhi:B Jain Publishers (P)Ltd;2008.
Dr. GAURAV NAGAR
Professor, Dept. of MM
Dr. M.P.K Homeoepathic Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Homoeopathy University, Jaipur.
Dr. ANJU BISHNOI
MD Scholar (Part-2), Dept. of MM
Dr. M.P.K Homeoepathic Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Homoeopathy University, Jaipur.
Email- anjubishnoi129@gmail.com
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