A homoeopathic lens on anatomy-using Kent’s repertory for deeper understanding

Dr Ganapati MD(Hom)

Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Anatomy forms the foundational structure of medical science, providing a detailed understanding of the human body’s organs, systems, and their interconnections. In homeopathy, though the focus remains on individualized symptoms and holistic healing, a sound anatomical understanding is crucial for accurate remedy selection and effective case management. Dr. James Tyler Kent’s Repertory of the homeopathic Materia Medicais one of the most influential tools, it subtly integrates anatomical references that guide practitioners towards a deeper comprehension of the patient’s condition, not just at the functional but also at the structural level. Exploring through the lens of Kent’s repertory allows homeopaths to refine their approach to case analysis, especially in localizing symptoms, understanding pathological tendencies, and correlating them with constitutional indications. This integration enhances the precision of remedy selection, particularly when symptoms are expressed in specific anatomical regions. This article seeks to bridge the conventional anatomical perspective with the unique symptom – based classification of Kent’s repertory, promoting a more integrated and clinically insightful approach to homeopathic practice.

OBJECTIVE
Briefly combining about anatomy subject with Kent repertory – to know the first year CBDC Batch students how the Kent repertory will help to study the anatomy what are the location and organs or parts how we can see in the Kent repertory which are the rubrics and sub rubrics to look for.

METHODS
How to use the Kent repertory and it has been constructed in macro and micro construction chapters and rubrics and sub rubrics has been arranged and remedies and cross references arranged, how these chapters we can apply to anatomy. This could involve an exploration of specific symptoms or anatomical concepts found in the repertory and how they correlate with anatomical structures or conditions.

RESULTS
Highlighting the chapter which has the location related rubrics and sub rubrics and the specific remedy for the particular remedy.

IMPLICATION
Now at least students will able to find out the exact location or parts or organs related rubrics how to search and where to search in Kent repertory in our day to day clinical practice. This approach deepens the understanding of anatomy or contribute to a more holistic or integrative approach to healthcare.

CONCLUSION:
NCH has applied Kent repertory for first year CBDC batch for three subjects anatomy, physiology and psychology correlation with Kent repertory related chapters and rubrics and sub rubrics how can students will able find or search in Kent repertory. Further exploration of anatomical correlations across other repertories and integration with modern diagnostic methods can strengthen this bridge between traditional and contemporary practice. Ultimately, this method enriches the art and science of homoeopathy, empowering practitioners with clarity, confidence, and clinical precision.

Keyword: Eclectic, STME, Dr. Phelan, Lucy, CBDC, NCH, LSMC

This article explores the intersection of homeopathy and anatomy, utilizing Kent repertory as a tool to deepen the understanding of human anatomy through a homeopathic lens. The study examines how the repertory detailed Symptomatology and classification of remedies can be mapped onto anatomical structures and conditions, offering a holistic view of the human body. (Boenningahusen’s Ubi) Through specific examples, the article demonstrate how Kent repertory provides insights into the dynamic relationships between physical ailments and constitutional states. By interpreting anatomical concepts in the context of homeopathic principles, the article reveals new ways to approach diagnosis and treatment. This exploration highlights the potential for homeopathic remedies to address underlying imbalances in the body, enhancing both theoretical and practical knowledge in the study of anatomy. The findings suggest that homeopathy can offer more integrated framework for understanding anatomy, bridging the gap between conventional medicinal knowledge and homeopathic healing practices.

Methods : Systematic approach used to analyze anatomical locations through the lens of Kent repertory. This section should clearly  describe how the repertory organized my study and what are sources or tools I have been used, and how the data interpreted. This study adopted a qualitative, repertoire analysis approach to explore anatomical references and their homeopathic significance through Kent repertory. How the anatomical parts are given in  human anatomy.

Anatomy : all the locations and parts, organs are given (basic structures)^2,6,7,8,9

Table no. 01 (rt- RIGHT, lt- LEFT, post- POSTERIOR, ant- ANTERIOR)

UPPER LIMB (rt,lf)	LOWER LIMB (rt,lt)	THORAX AND HEART	ABDOMEN AND PELVIS	HEAD AND NECK, BRAIN
Finger – tendon, between, index, base of, joints, 1,2,3,4,5, nails, tip, rt, lt Joints – shoulder, elbow, wrist, finer 1st, last Upper arm- rt, lt, innder side Hand -rt, Lt, back of, veins of, palm of, tendon, metacarpal bone Elbow- olecranon, rt, lt Forearm – rt, Lt, post. Part and ant. Part, radial and ulnar side, between thumb and index finger Wrist – back of, rt, Lt Thumb – rt, lt, pal-mar surface, tip of, ball of Humerus Radius – head, periosteum Shoulder – acromian Bones Nails – tip Metacarpal, middle, 1st 2nd 3rd phalanx	Toes – between, deep under, nails, tip, 1,2,3,4,5, ball of rt big toe Joints – hip, knee, ankle Nates -gluteal Thigh – rt, Lt, between Knee – rt, lt Leg – rt, lt, calf-rt, lt, veins of Foot – heel, rt, lt, back of, inside, outside Great toe Ankle – internal Malleous Feet Sole – rt, lt Patella Hip – rt, Lt Femur Tibia Fibula Back Cervical region-rt, lt Lumbar -rt,lt Spine – rt side of back Dorsal region Scapular region -rt, lt Lumbar – vertebrae Sacral region Coccyx Lumbo – sacrum Flank – rt, lt	Large arteries Axilla – gland Lungs – apex, rt, lt, Mamme- middle, under, nipple, ball, rt, lt Pericardium Cartilage- costal Heart – lower Sternum Clavicle Chest – ant. Post. Diaphragam Endocardium Pleura – rt, lt Ribs -short Pectoral muscle- inter costal   Larynx and trachea Throat pit, epiglottis, glottis, vocal card Mouth Gum-lt upper side, between teeth Tongue – different tongues, tip, under, center, edge, post. Ant. One side, papilla Ranula Nose At root, rt, Lt, post. Nares, septum, frontal sinus, nostrils- rt, Lt, tip, wings, corner, inside, around, bones, margin Ear Behind, below, around, in meat-us, rt, Lt, Petrous part of temple bone, Estacian tube, Concha, lobes, Tragus, tympanum, inside, margin, media, Antitragus, lymphatic gland, shines Eye Cilia, superior oblique, external recti, internal recti, retina, conjunctiva, potic nerve, lids of- edge-rt, margin, upper-rt,lt, canthi-outer, inner, external, crest, cornea, fungus medullaris, lacrymal gland, sac, canal, vitreous, rt, lt, choroid, back of ye, eyebrows, eyeball-rt lower, iris, lacrymalis, eye lashes, pupil, above eye, below eye, meiobian gland, arcus senils	Male genitalia penis, glans, prepuce, root, frenulum Scrotum Testes – rt, lt Genitelia female Ovaries – rt, lt Vagina Uterus – os Urinary organs Bladder – neck Kindey -rt, lt Ureter Urethra – fossa navicularis, meatus Prostate gland Rectum -perineum, rap-he of Abdomen Inguinal region of, gland Liver – left lobe Spleen Rt Iliac region Hypocondrium – rt, lt Lower abdomen Sides – rt, lt Hypogastrium Umbilical region of Ilio- ceacal region Messentrics Pancreaes Caecal region Iliac region Colon Iliac crest Tabes mesentrica Veins Stomach Solar plexus Pit of stomach Pylorus Throat Tonsils -rt, lt Uvulae Oesophagus – post. Part -rt, lt Os Hyoids region of Pharynx -pot. Wall Fauces External throat Throat pit Goiter -rt, lt Gland Cervical gland Sides Thyroid gland Sterno mastoid Veins Teeth Root, caries, gums, edges-rt, lt, sides Enaemel, large, incisor, canine, molar-rt, lt, upper teeth- rt, lt-bicuspid Lt- 2nd bicuspid Lower teeth, 2nd molar, one incisor 1st bicuspid- rt, lt	Forehead -Lt half of Head -rt, lt Occiput Mastoid process Sides -rt, lt Temples – rt, lt Vertex Glabella FACE Antrum Jaw -upper, lower Lip – upper, lower Parotid gland-rt, lt Sub-maxillary gland Massster muscel Corner of mouth Zygoma Nose -tip Cheeks -rt bone Chin Sub-mental gland Linea nasalis Nasal bones

Table no. 02

MUSCLES	ARTERIES/VEINS	NERVES
Pectoral, Inter costal, Deltoid Tendons – flexor, extensor Extensor, Flexor, Biceps Triceps, Psoas, Popleteal Hamstring, Tendo achillis Gluteal	Hand of veins Lymphatics of arm	Nerves of hand Radial nerve

Kent repertory : Dr. Kent was born on march 31, 1849, in wood-hull, New York. His early years were spent in relative obscurity, and his initial career path was far from the world of homeopathy^3.

Kent repertory is not organized by anatomical structure or location in the modern medical sense (like Gray’s anatomy would be), but rather by rubrics (symptoms) grouped under chapters, which themselves are broadly based on body systems or functions. Kent repertory is divided into chapters based on regions or system of the body, and within each chapters are rubrics (symptoms) often further sub divided. How to locate anatomical parts or symptoms – using the chapter headings- go directly to the relevant chapter. For example:  for liver problems- check under abdomen. For heart issues – check under chest. For urinary symptom – check under bladder. Searching within rubrics , within each chapter, look for rubrics that name the anatomical part or its function. Eg; under abdomen, you might find “liver, pain” or “liver, congestion.” Think symptomatically; instead of searching for “kidney,” look for symptoms related to kidney issues like “pain In region of kidneys,” “urine, scanty,: “burning during urination.” Cross reference with Materia Medica; once you find the rubrics, check the corresponding remedies in Materia Medica for confirmation. Use cross reference; Eg; a symptom like “headache with eye strain” may appear in both head and eyes chapters. Dr James Tyler Kent was an American physician best remembered as a forefather of modern homoeopathy. He was an eclectic physician turned a homeopath. Published Kent repertory in 1897 a massive guidebook on human mental and physical disease symptoms and their associated pseudo-scientific homeopathic preparations entitled Repertory on homeopathic material Medica, which has been translated into a number of languages. It has been blueprint to many modern repertories used throughout the world and even remains in use by some homeopathic practitioners today. Converted to homeopathy once his second wife Lucy was suffering from insomnia no amount of eclectic and Allopathic treatment helped her. She entreated her husband to seek medical advice and help from a known homeopath in their neighborhood. To satisfy her whim, he called Dr. Phelan, the homeopath. He watched him, with possibly contemptuous amusement, taking the case history and later he gave her some globules to be dissolved in water and taken according to his directions until she fell sleep. After taking water dose of medicine she can sleep. This turned to be a magic for Kent how the medicine has been acted^4.

Only those who have handled the repertory of Kent can understand the magnitude of his deep study, patience and remarkable perseverance. This book is monument for all  that Dr. Kent stood for and it is doubtful if any such book would be produced as it will be redundant and unnecessary and at best can only be repetition^5.

Antimonium Tartaricum the homeopathic remedy which acts on through the Pneumogastric nerve it depresses the respiration and circulation^4.

Chapters which deals with anatomical parts are organs^1.  (24 chapters)

Table no.03

Head	Face	External throat	Bladder	Genitalia male	Back
Eyes	Mouth	Stomach	Kidney	Genitalia female	Extremities
Ear	Teeth	Abdomen	Prostate gland	Larynx and trachea	Skin
Nose	Throat	Rectum	Urethra	Chest	Generalities

Chapters are given in capital bold. Rubrics are given in capital bold.

Sub rubrics and sub sub rubrics are given in roman/normal roman/ordinary roman.

But we can identify the sub rubrics especially for location its been given in bold roman. All the location are given in Hahnemann anatomical schema. Kent follows here the deductive logic (general to particulars) he gives more importance to mental symptoms man is prior to the organs.

HEAD chapter its given in CAPITAL

BUBBLING sensation is- rubrics is given in capital bold

Forehead, bubble bursting in, as if – sub rubric is given in bold roman

First chapter is mind and last one is generalities. Some rubrics related to location are given in capital bold as a direct rubrics ex… liver, pancreas.  Majority of the rubrics related to location or part he has given in sub rubrics as bold roman. Other sub and sub sub rubrics are given in roman. Majorly Kent has elaborated in general pain rubrics in location related chapters. Dr Julian Minerva green who has been found the particular format in Kent repertory as STMEC

S- SIDE – right, left, alternating, one side

T- TIME MODALITIES – day time, morning, afternoon, forenoon, evening, night

M- MODALITIES – alphabetical order, A-Z rubrics are given, rubrics related to ailments from, aggravation, amelioration, particular rubrics, pathological rubrics, clinical rubrics, diagnostic , cross reference, synonyms, subjective, objective, different types of sensations

E – EXTENDING (RADIATING) – particular location head pain extending to ear

C – CHARACTER OF PAIN (TYPES OF PAIN) – its given in alphabetical order, like aching pain, burning pain, catching type of pain.

Location related rubrics are given after the extending rubrics all the pain extending to next part or particular location its given in roman means sub sub rubrics

Head chapter pain rubric

PAIN headache in general; rubric is given in capital bold, all the remedies in alphabetical order A-Z, 3 grades (bold-3, italics-2, roman-1)

STMEC FORMAT example^10.

SIDE is not given directly it follows with time modalities

TIME – day time, morning, noon, forenoon, afternoon, evening, night, some are particular time 1PM, 2PM

MODALITY – starts with alphabetical order A-Z all the different types of rubrics are given

EXTENDING- its given in again bold roman ( limitation in some places Kent has not been given extending word directly he has given the location that means we can think that its extending rubric, another thing is in some places extending he has given in roman and some places bold roman little bit confusion)

Under the extending rubrics we can find all locations written in  Hahnemann anatomical schema as sub rubrics one is in bold roman one is in roman

Extending to back, around the head, base of brain

After the all locations completes he starts with

CHARACTER OF PAIN OR TYPES OF PAIN- again in alphabetical order

head chapter all the location related sub rubrics which are given in bold roman and roman

Table no.04

Head – Brain, Occiput, Sides, Temples, Vertex, Forehead, Hair,	Eye – Margins, Conjunctiva, Canthi, Lids, Lachrymal Glands, Eye Brows, Iris, Lachrymal Canal, Lachrymal Sac, Meibomian Glands, Retina, Optic Nerve,	Ear – Concha, Eustachian Tube, Antitragus, Lobule, Tragus,	Nose – Root, Posterior Nares, Septum, Tip, Wings,	Face – Cheek, Chin, Infra Orbital, Lips, Jaw, Articulation, Mental Foremen, Parotid Gland, Sub-maxillary Gland, Zygoma, Sub Lingual Gland
Mouth – Gums, Palate, Tongue, Inside Of Lips	Teeth – Incisors, Canines, Molars, Upper Teeth, Lower Teeth, Bicuspid,	Throat – Oesophagus, Os hyoids, Tonsils, Pharynx, Uvula, Fauces	External Throat – Carotids, Thyroid Gland, Jugular, Cervical Glands	Stomach –  Stomach
Abdomen – Mesentrics, Region Of Hip, Cecal Region, Liver, Spleen, Inguinal Region, Sides Of Abdomen, Lower Abdomen, Muscles Of Abdomen, Hypochondria, Hypogastrium, Umbilicus, Ileocaecal Region	Rectum – Perineum, Between Nate’s, Anus	Bladder – Neck Of Bladder, Region Of Bladder, Sphincter,	Kidneys – Ureter, Region Of Kidneys Prostate Gland – Prostate, Region Of Prostate	Urethra – Anterior Part Of Urethra, Fossa Navicularis, Meat-us, Glandular Portion Of Urethra
Genitalia Male – Penis, Scrotum, Testes, Spermatic Cord, Prepuce, Glans Penis, Root Of Penis	Genitalia Female – Ovaries, Vagina, Uterus, Cervix,	Larynx & Trachea – Larynx, Trachea, Throat Pit, Epiglottis,	Chest – Axillae, Lungs, Mammae, Region Of Heart, Heart, Nipples, Sternum, Clavicles, Lowerpart Of Chest, Middle Of Chest, Sides Of Chest, Upper Part Of Chest, Pleura, Diaphragm, Endocardium, Pericardium, Pectoral Muscles	Back – Cervical Region, Dorsal Region, Lumbar Region, Sacral Region, Spine, Scapular Region, Between Shoulders, Sacrum, Coccyx, Scapulae, Ilium, Iliac Crest, Lumbo Sacral Region, Sacro Iliac Junction,
Extremities – Psoas, Nate’s, Lower Limbs, Upper Limbs,Shoulder Joint, Humerus,  Upper Arm, Elbow, Fore Arm, Hand, Metacarpal Bone, Wrist,  Fingers, Thumb,  Finger Joints, Hip, Femur, Thigh, Knee, Tibia, Fibula,  Leg, Ankle Joint, Foot, Heel,  Toes, Toe Nails, Soles

Implication : Selection of repertory source. Identification and classification of anatomical terms(system, region, tissue type). cross- referencing with materia medica. Symptoms classification. Evaluation criteria. Clinical correlation and case integration. Software tools using radar, hompath.

Conclusion :
This study highlights the critical role of anatomical precision in homeopathic case analysis and prescription. by examining Kent’s repertory through an anatomical lens, justifying practitioners Boenninghauens’s Ubi location,  can develop a more refined and targeted approach to rubrics selection. Understanding the specific location, quality, and modalities of symptoms enhances the accuracy of remedy differentiation and supports individualized treatment. Kent’s structure allows not just a reportorial search for symptoms, but also a deep dive into how symptoms manifest in specific regions and systems of the body. This approach bridges classical Boenninghausen’s approach in Kentian format of homoeopathy with modern clinical reasoning, reaffirming that accurate anatomical interpretation is not just beneficial – but essential- in achieving deeper understanding and better clinical outcomes. Kent’s over particularization is nothing but the boenningahsuen’s format of LSMC importance in a STME format.

REFERENCE:

1. Kent JT. Repertory of the homeopathic Materia Medica. New Delhi, India: B Jain; 2023.
2. Chaurasia BD. Chaurasia handbook of general anatomy. New Delhi, India: CBS Publishers & Distributors; 2006.
3. The Life and Legacy of James Tyler Kent: A Giant in Homeopathy- CCHM (CANADIAN COLLEGE OF HOMOEOPATHIC MEDICINE)
4. Allen’s HC. Allen keynotes rearranged and classified with leading remedies of the Materia Medica and bowel Nosodes, B Jain Publishers; 1^st edition 2005.
5. Das AK, A Treatise on Oragnon of Medicine Part-III, Souvik Kumar Das Publishers, 1996.
6. Chaurasia B.D. Human Anatomy Regional and Applied, Dissection, Clinical and Brain and Neuroanatomy, New Delhi, CBS Publisher, Vol-4, 10^th edition, 2025.
7. Chaurasia B.D. Human Anatomy Regional and Applied, Dissection, Clinical and Upper limb and Thorax, New Delhi, CBS Publisher, Vol-1, 10^th edition, 2025.
8. Chaurasia B.D. Human Anatomy Regional and Applied, Dissection, Clinical and Lower Limb and Abdomen and Pelvis, New Delhi, CBS Publisher, Vol-2, 10^th edition, 2025.
9. Chaurasia B.D. Human Anatomy Regional and Applied, Dissection, Clinical and Head and Neck, New Delhi, CBS Publisher, Vol-3, 10^th edition, 2025.
10. http://homeoint.org/books/kentrep/index.htm

Dr. Ganapati MD(Hom)
Assistant Professor
Department Of Homoeopathic Repertory and Case Taking
AGM Homoeopathic Medical College And Hospital, Varur, Hubballi-581207
Email : ganeshchauhan618@gmail.com